{"id":197908,"date":"2024-01-28T05:00:43","date_gmt":"2024-01-27T22:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nawacita.co\/?p=197908"},"modified":"2024-01-27T09:37:18","modified_gmt":"2024-01-27T02:37:18","slug":"utang-haram-pahami-sebelum-terjerat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nawacita.co\/index.php\/2024\/01\/28\/utang-haram-pahami-sebelum-terjerat\/","title":{"rendered":"Utang Haram: Pahami Sebelum Terjerat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Utang Haram: Pahami Sebelum Terjerat<\/h1>\n

JAKARTA, Nawacita<\/a><\/strong> — Semasa hidup, sebagian banyak manusia terutama kalangan menengah ke bawah pastilah pernah melakukan praktik\u00a0utang\u00a0piutang, baik memberi hutang ataupun berhutang. Bahkan kalangan menengah ke atas pun banyak yang melakukan utang piutang.<\/p>\n

\n

Agama\u00a0Islam\u00a0sebagai agama yang sempurna juga mengatur secara detail praktik\u00a0utang piutang\u00a0dan dengan tegas melarang praktik riba. Di samping itu, umat Islam juga perlu mengenali praktik hutang piutang yang rusak dan haram<\/p>\n

Wakil Sekretaris Komisi Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), KH Abdul Muiz Ali menjelaskan praktik utang yang rusak dan haram.<\/p>\n

Sayyid Abdurrahman bin Muhammad Al-Masyhur dalam kitab Bughyah al-Mustarsyidin menjelaskan, “Praktik utang yang rusak dan haram adalah menghutangi dengan adanya syarat memberi manfaat kepada orang yang menghutangi. Hal ini jika syarat tersebut disebutkan dalam akad. Adapun ketika syarat tersebut terjadi ketika sebelum akad dan tidak disebutkan di dalam akad, atau tidak adanya akad, maka hukumnya boleh dengan hukum makruh. Seperti halnya berbagai cara untuk merekayasa\u00a0riba\u00a0pada selain tujuan yang dibenarkan syariat.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Ilustrasi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kiai Muiz Ali menegaskan bahwa Allah SWT dan Rasul-Nya melarang praktik riba. Allah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala berfirman:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0628\u0670\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0637\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u064a\u0652\u0637\u0670\u0646\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0633\u0650\u0651\u06d7 \u0630\u0670\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0653\u0627 \u0627\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0639\u064f \u0645\u0650\u062b\u0652\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0628\u0670\u0648\u0627\u06d8 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0670\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0639\u064e \u0648\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0628\u0670\u0648\u0627\u06d7 \u00a0\u0641\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062c\u064e\u0627\u06e4\u0621\u064e\u0647\u0657 \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0639\u0650\u0638\u064e\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0650\u0651\u0646\u0652 \u0631\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0650\u0651\u0647\u0656 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u0670\u0649 \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0647\u0657 \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0641\u064e\u06d7 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0647\u0657\u0653 \u0627\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0670\u0647\u0650 \u06d7 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0627\u064f\u0648\u0644\u0670\u06e4\u0649\u0650\u0655\u0643\u064e \u0627\u064e\u0635\u0652\u062d\u0670\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0650 \u06da \u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u062e\u0670\u0644\u0650\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/p>\n

Alla\u017c\u012bna ya’kul\u016bnar-rib\u0101 l\u0101 yaq\u016bm\u016bna ill\u0101 kam\u0101 yaq\u016bmul-la\u017c\u012b yatakhabba\u1e6duhusy-syai\u1e6d\u0101nu minal-mass(i), \u017c\u0101lika bi’annahum q\u0101l\u016b innamal-bai\u2018u mi\u1e61lur-rib\u0101, wa a\u1e25allall\u0101hul-bai\u2018a wa \u1e25arramar-rib\u0101, faman j\u0101’ah\u016b mau\u2018i\u1e93atum mir rabbih\u012b fantah\u0101 falah\u016b m\u0101 salaf(a), wa amruh\u016b ilall\u0101h(i), wa man \u2018\u0101da fa ul\u0101’ika a\u1e63\u1e25\u0101bun-n\u0101r(i), hum f\u012bh\u0101 kh\u0101lid\u016bn(a).<\/p>\n

Orang-orang yang memakan (bertransaksi dengan) riba tidak dapat berdiri, kecuali seperti orang yang berdiri sempoyongan karena kesurupan setan. Demikian itu terjadi karena mereka berkata bahwa jual beli itu sama dengan riba. Padahal, Allah telah menghalalkan jual beli dan mengharamkan riba. Siapa pun yang telah sampai kepadanya peringatan dari Tuhannya (menyangkut riba), lalu dia berhenti sehingga apa yang telah diperolehnya dahulu menjadi miliknya dan urusannya (terserah) kepada Allah. Siapa yang mengulangi (transaksi riba), mereka itulah penghuni neraka. Mereka kekal di dalamnya. (QS Al-Baqarah Ayat 275)<\/p>\n

Baca Juga:<\/strong>Tips Atasi Hutang Pinjol yang Menumpuk<\/a><\/p>\n

Kiai Muiz Ali\u00a0menambahkan, diriwayatkan Abu al-Husein Muslim bin al-Hajjaj al-Qusyairi al-Naisaburi atau yang lebih dikenal sebagai Imam Muslim menyampaikan sabda\u00a0Nabi Muhammad\u00a0SAW terkait riba.<\/p>\n

“Rasulullah SAW melaknat pemakan riba (rentenir), penyetor riba (nasabah yang meminjam), penulis transaksi riba (sekretaris) dan dua saksi yang menyaksikan transaksi riba.” Kata Rasulullah SAW, “Semuanya sama dalam dosa.\u201d (HR Imam Muslim).<\/p>\n

Bagaimana Hukum Pinjaman Online?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ijtima Ulama Komisi Fatwa se-Indonesia VII Tahun 2021 tentang Hukum Pinjaman Online (Pinjol) menetapkan ketentuan hukum dan rekomendasi untuk umat Islam.<\/p>\n

Di antara yang melatarbelakangi ditetapkannya hukum pinjol dalam Ijtima Ulama Komisi Fatwa tahun 2021 adalah transaksi pinjol yang selama ini dinilai efektif dari sisi pelayanan, tetapi dalam praktik dan ekosistemnya banyak menyisakan permasalahan. Masyarakat di beberapa daerah bahkan di seluruh Tanah Air mengeluhkan bahaya praktik pinjaman online yang terus menggurita.<\/p>\n

Praktik bunga yang mencekik ditambah teror banyak dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha penyedia pinjaman online atau pinjol. Masalah yang sering muncul di tengah masyarakat pada praktik pinjol antara lain, praktik ribawi dengan bunga pinjaman yang sangat tinggi, pihak yang meminjam (debitur) tidak membayar tepat waktu sesuai perjanjian yang telah disepakati, pihak yang meminjamkan (kreditur) memberikan ancaman bahkan teror fisik kepada orang yang tidak bisa bayar hutang dan persoalan lainnya.<\/p>\n

Ijtima Ulama Komisi Fatwa se-Indonesia VII Tahun 2021 tentang Hukum Pinjaman Pinjol menetapkan ketentuan hukumnya sebagai berikut. Pertama, pada dasarnya perbuatan pinjam meminjam atau hutang piutang merupakan bentuk akad tabarru\u2019 (kebajikan) atas dasar saling tolong menolong yang dianjurkan sejauh tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah.<\/p>\n

Kedua, sengaja menunda pembayaran hutang bagi yang mampu hukumnya haram. Ketiga, memberikan ancaman fisik atau membuka rahasia (aib) seseorang yang tidak mampu membayar hutang adalah haram. Adapun memberikan penundaan atau keringanan dalam pembayaran hutang bagi yang mengalami kesulitan, merupakan perbuatan yang dianjurkan (mustahab).<\/p>\n

Keempat, layanan pinjaman baik offline maupun online yang mengandung riba hukumnya haram, meskipun dilakukan atas dasar kerelaan.<\/p>\n

Ijtima Ulama Komisi Fatwa se-Indonesia VII Tahun 2021 tentang Hukum Pinjol juga merekomendasikan tiga hal. Pertama, pemerintah dalam hal ini Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika (Kominfo), Polri dan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) hendaknya terus meningkatkan perlindungan kepada masyarakat dan melakukan pengawasan serta menindak tegas penyalahgunaan pinjaman online atau finansial technologi peer to peer lending (Fintech Lending) yang meresahkan masyarakat.<\/p>\n

Kedua, pihak penyelenggara pinjaman online hendaknya menjadikan Fatwa MUI sebagai pedoman dalam semua transaksi yang dilakukan. Ketiga, umat Islam hendaknya memilih jasa layanan keuangan yang sesuai dengan prinsip syariah.\u00a0rpblk<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Utang Haram: Pahami Sebelum Terjerat JAKARTA, Nawacita — Semasa hidup, sebagian banyak manusia terutama kalangan menengah ke bawah pastilah pernah melakukan praktik\u00a0utang\u00a0piutang, baik memberi hutang ataupun berhutang. Bahkan kalangan menengah ke atas pun banyak yang melakukan utang piutang. Agama\u00a0Islam\u00a0sebagai agama yang sempurna juga mengatur secara detail praktik\u00a0utang piutang\u00a0dan dengan tegas melarang praktik riba. Di samping […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":197911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[72632,37571,72633],"class_list":{"0":"post-197908","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-lifestyle","8":"tag-hukum-hutang-dalam-islam","9":"tag-hutang","10":"tag-hutang-haram"},"yoast_head":"\nUtang Haram: Pahami Sebelum Terjerat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"JAKARTA, Nawacita -- Semasa hidup, sebagian banyak manusia terutama kalangan menengah ke bawah pastilah pernah melakukan praktik\u00a0utang\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nawacita.co\/index.php\/2024\/01\/28\/utang-haram-pahami-sebelum-terjerat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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